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An herb called “phu”?
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Posted by editor Mon Jan 29, 2007 11:07:40 PST
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0 responses 0 comments It is not easy for a plant to remain popular when it smells so bad that it is nicknamed “Phu.” Valerian (valeriana officinalis) is just such a “survivor.” The fetid odor is most pronounced when the roots and rhizome are dried so the casual grower may not notice the “dirty socks” stench. Lets us explore the attributes that have saved this ancient plant from disfavor.

Valerian is believed to be the Biblical perfume “spikenard”. This seems contrary to its reputation but even today the root oils are used to scent “mossy” perfumes and soaps. In medieval times it was used to cure so many ills that it was called “all heal.” Valerian was widely used in Europe during WWI to treat shell shock (the loss of ability to function because of psychological stress of war).

Legend has it that the Pied Piper of Hamlin, Germany carried dried valerian root with him when he enticed the rats out of town. Maybe it was not just his music after all. An interesting note here is that some cats are intoxicated by valerian (see recipe). A fetish that cats and rats apparently have in common!

The rhizome, roots and oil of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. They are used fresh, dried, infused or distilled for the oil. The flowering tops and leaves are cut off as they appear in order to allow the underground parts to develop. The roots and rhizomes are dried at about 120 F until they are brittle. The resulting product has a bitter taste and a disagreeable odor that is worsened by the dehydration process.

When properly processed the result is an effective sedative that does not react with alcohol nor cause dependency. Valerian has been widely used in Europe for many years because it works like valium without its side effects. Caution: Do not over-dose or give to children, nor take with other medications, when pregnant, or lactating unless directed by your health care giver.

The FDA has not classified it as drug because adequate studies have not been done in this country. Research is not likely because the drug companies can't patent medications made from plants. These businesses do most of the experimenting and it doesn't pay them “enough” to investigate a cure or treatment they can't exploit. 

The oil of valerian is used in some relaxant herb tea blends, cosmetics, ice cream, condiments, liqueurs, soft drinks, beer and tobacco. It is also an ingredient in the bait used to trap rats and wild cats. Quite a varied range of uses!

Flower gardeners may be familiar with the name garden heliotrope. That is valerian! It is a hardy perennial that grows well in Tehachapi because it tolerates sun, fair soil and average amounts of water. The pink or white clustered flowers grow on long stems that can provide a lovely backdrop for low growing plants or be mixed with plants of equal height. Valerian is a good companion plant in the vegetable garden as well because it attracts earthworms. We all know how important these crawlers are for aeration of the soil. 

Valerian is an aggressive plant that will crowd-out its neighbors and itself so it does have to be managed. I divide the rootstock as the plant moves out of its “designated zone.” This gives me new plants and keeps the mother plant healthy. I use it as a lure plant to keep the deer from eating my roses (photo). They must be very relaxed considering the quantity they consume!

Reflecting on its medicinal history and usefulness in the garden we should not be surprised that this tenacious herb has persisted in spite of its “odorous reputation.” I hope you can find a place for this fascinating plant in your landscape.

Questions or comments? Contact me at www.tehachapinews.com (All About Herbs) or on my Web site at www.herbbasket.net. Enjoy an hebalicious month.

Bath infusion for tension relief
Pour one cup of boiling water over one half cup of dried valerian leaves. Cover and allow it to steep for 20 minutes. Cool and strain. Add to bath water. CAUTION: Allergy patients be aware that rare skin dermatitis has been noted.
Kitty pillow
Stuff dried valerian leaves in a pillowcase for your favorite feline. Many, but not all, cats will react to this herb.

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